Beyond Rouquier partitions

We obtain closed formulas, in terms of Littlewood-Richardson coefficients, for the canonical basis elements of the Fock space representation of $U_v(\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}_e)$ which are labelled by partitions having 'locally small' $e$-quotients and arbitrary $e$-cores. We further show that, upon evaluation at $v=1$, this gives the corresponding decomposition numbers of the $q$-Schur algebras in characteristic $l$ (where $q$ is a primitive $e$-th root of unity if $l \ne e$ and $q=1$ otherwise) whenever $l$ is greater than the size of each constituent of the $e$-quotient.Comment: 17 pages. This replaces the earlier version entitled 'Some decomposition numbers of q-Shcur algebra

Parities of v-decomposition numbers and an application to symmetric group algebras

We prove that the v-decomposition number $d_{\lambda\mu}(v)$ is an even or odd polynomial according to whether the partitions $\lambda$ and $\mu$ have the same relative sign (or parity) or not. We then use this result to verify Martin's conjecture for weight 3 blocks of symmetric group algebras -- that these blocks have the property that their projective (indecomposable) modules have a common radical length 7.Comment: 21 page

The non-projective part of the Lie module for the symmetric group

The Lie module of the group algebra $FS_n$ of the symmetric group is known to be not projective if and only if the characteristic $p$ of $F$ divides $n$. We show that in this case its non-projective summands belong to the principal block of $FS_n$. Let $V$ be a vector space of dimension $m$ over $F$, and let $L^n(V)$ be the $n$-th homogeneous part of the free Lie algebra on $V$; this is a polynomial representation of $GL_m(F)$ of degree $n$, or equivalently, a module of the Schur algebra $S(m,n)$. Our result implies that, when $m \geq n$, every summand of $L^n(V)$ which is not a tilting module belongs to the principal block of $S(m,n)$, by which we mean the block containing the $n$-th symmetric power of $V$

The Lie module of the symmetric group

We provide an upper bound for the dimension of the maximal projective submodule of the Lie module of the symmetric group of $n$ letters in prime characteristic $p$, where $n = pk$ with $p \nmid k$.Comment: 18 page

Homomorphisms from Specht Modules to Signed Young Permutation Modules

We construct a class $\Theta_{\mathscr{R}}$ of homomorphisms from a Specht module $S_{\mathbb{Z}}^{\lambda}$ to a signed permutation module $M_{\mathbb{Z}}(\alpha|\beta)$ which generalises James's construction of homomorphisms whose codomain is a Young permutation module. We show that any $\phi \in \operatorname{Hom}_{{\mathbb{Z}}\mathfrak{S}_{n}}\big(S_{\mathbb{Z}}^\lambda, M_{\mathbb{Z}}(\alpha|\beta)\big)$ lies in the $\mathbb{Q}$-span of $\Theta_{\text{sstd}}$, a subset of $\Theta_{\mathscr{R}}$ corresponding to semistandard $\lambda$-tableaux of type $(\alpha|\beta)$. We also study the conditions for which $\Theta^{\mathbb{F}}_{\mathrm{sstd}}$ - a subset of $\operatorname{Hom}_{\mathbb{F}\mathfrak{S}_{n}}\big(S_{\mathbb{F}}^\lambda,M_{\mathbb{F}}(\alpha|\beta)\big)$ induced by $\Theta_{\mathrm{sstd}}$ - is linearly independent, and show that it is a basis for $\operatorname{Hom}_{\mathbb{F}\mathfrak{S}_{n}}\big(S_{\mathbb{F}}^\lambda,M_{\mathbb{F}}(\alpha|\beta)\big)$ when $\mathbb{F}\mathfrak{S}_{n}$ is semisimple

The study of a new gerrymandering methodology

This paper is to obtain a simple dividing-diagram of the congressional districts, where the only limit is that each district should contain the same population if possibly. In order to solve this problem, we introduce three different standards of the "simple" shape. The first standard is that the final shape of the congressional districts should be of a simplest figure and we apply a modified "shortest split line algorithm" where the factor of the same population is considered only. The second standard is that the gerrymandering should ensure the integrity of the current administrative area as the convenience for management. Thus we combine the factor of the administrative area with the first standard, and generate an improved model resulting in the new diagram in which the perimeters of the districts are along the boundaries of some current counties. Moreover, the gerrymandering should consider the geographic features.The third standard is introduced to describe this situation. Finally, it can be proved that the difference between the supporting ratio of a certain party in each district and the average supporting ratio of that particular party in the whole state obeys the Chi-square distribution approximately. Consequently, we can obtain an archetypal formula to check whether the gerrymandering we propose is fair.Comment: 23 pages,15 figures, 2007 American mathematical modeling contest "Meritorious Winner

Periodic Lie Modules

Let $p$ be a prime number and $k$ be a positive integer not divisible by $p$. We describe the Heller translates of the periodic Lie module $\mathrm{Lie}(pk)$ in characteristic $p$ and show that it has period $2p-2$ when $p$ is odd and $1$ when $p=2$

Sign sequences and decomposition numbers

We obtain a closed formula for the $v$-decomposition numbers $d_{\lambda\mu}(v)$ arising from the canonical basis of the Fock space representation of $U_v(\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}_e)$, where the partition $\lambda$ is obtained from $\mu$ by moving some nodes in its Young diagram, all of which having the same $e$-residue. We also show that when these $v$-decomposition numbers are evaluated at $v=1$, we obtain the corresponding decomposition numbers for the Schur algebras and symmetric groups

The COM-negative binomial distribution: modeling overdispersion and ultrahigh zero-inflated count data

In this paper, we focus on the COM-type negative binomial distribution with three parameters, which belongs to COM-type $(a,b,0)$ class distributions and family of equilibrium distributions of arbitrary birth-death process. Besides, we show abundant distributional properties such as overdispersion and underdispersion, log-concavity, log-convexity (infinite divisibility), pseudo compound Poisson, stochastic ordering and asymptotic approximation. Some characterizations including sum of equicorrelated geometrically distributed random variables, conditional distribution, limit distribution of COM-negative hypergeometric distribution, and Stein's identity are given for theoretical properties. COM-negative binomial distribution was applied to overdispersion and ultrahigh zero-inflated data sets. With the aid of ratio regression, we employ maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters and the goodness-of-fit are evaluated by the discrete Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.Comment: 22 pages,3 figures, Accepted for publication in Frontiers of Mathematics in Chin

The Schur functor on tensor powers

Let $M$ be a left module for the Schur algebra $S(n,r)$, and let $s \in \mathbb{Z}^+$. Then $M^{\otimes s}$ is a $(S(n,rs), F\mathfrak{S}_s)$-bimodule, where the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_s$ on $s$ letters acts on the right by place permutations. We show that the Schur functor $f_{rs}$ sends $M^{\otimes s}$ to the $(F\mathfrak{S}_{rs},F\mathfrak{S}_s)$-bimodule $F\mathfrak{S}_{rs} \otimes_{F(\mathfrak{S}_r \wr \mathfrak{S}_s)} ((f_rM)^{\otimes s} \otimes F\mathfrak{S}_s)$. As a corollary, we obtain the effect of the Schur functor on the Lie power $L^s(M)$, symmetric power $S^s(M)$ and exterior power $\bigwedge^s(M)$ of $M$.Comment: 6 page